This approach complements the large-scale native forest restoration work being carried out in the Territorios Originarios Wichi (TOW), a now-protected community forest in northern Argentina. On a defined plot within this territory, we develop multi-strata agroforestry systems that replicate natural forest structures at higher productive intensity. While the restoration work enriches and recovers the broader forest ecosystem, these intensive agroforestry systems directly target food sovereignty: combining native and non-native species to create diverse, productive systems that address the malnutrition and health issues caused by forest loss. As neighbouring communities come to learn and establish their own systems, the approach has a powerful multiplier effect across the region. Species planted: - Mango, banana, avocado, citrus - fruit trees providing direct food production and nutritional diversity - Moringa - fast-growing, highly nutritious, medicinal properties - Vegetables and legumes - short-cycle food crops contributing to food sovereignty and soil nitrogen fixation - Aromatic and medicinal plants - supporting community health and traditional knowledge This is an ongoing project, with planting carried out in multiple rounds since 2025: - October 2025: 99 trees (Mango, Banana, Papaya, Neltuma Alba, Avocado, Citrus)

This approach complements the large-scale native forest restoration work being carried out in the Quebracho & Oka Puckie community (QOP), a now-protected community forest in northern Argentina. On a defined plot within this territory, we develop multi-strata agroforestry systems that replicate natural forest structures at higher productive intensity. While the restoration work enriches and recovers the broader forest ecosystem, these intensive agroforestry systems directly target food sovereignty: combining native and non-native species to create diverse, productive systems that address the malnutrition and health issues caused by forest loss. As neighbouring communities come to learn and establish their own systems, the approach has a powerful multiplier effect across the region. Species planted: - Mango, banana, avocado, citrus - fruit trees providing direct food production and nutritional diversity - Moringa - fast-growing, highly nutritious, medicinal properties - Vegetables and legumes - short-cycle food crops contributing to food sovereignty and soil nitrogen fixation - Aromatic and medicinal plants - supporting community health and traditional knowledge This is an ongoing project, with planting carried out in multiple rounds since 2025: - October 2025: 77 trees (Mango, Banana, Papaya, Neltuma Alba, Avocado, Urucú)

This planting takes place in the Quebracho & Oka Puckie community (QOP), a now-protected community forest in northern Argentina. We restore degraded patches of native forest using species of high ecological, cultural and food value, enriching and recovering the forest's capacity to feed and sustain the communities who have always lived from it. Following the indigenous logic of native forest enrichment, families can continue to gather fruits and other resources in the way they have always done traditionally. Traditional knowledge is incorporated into planting techniques. The planting model prioritises an irregular native forest structure: multiple tree and shrub species of different ages, a complex vertical structure across various strata, and a spatial distribution that emulates the natural patterns of the local ecosystem. Species planted: - Neltuma alba (White Algarrobo / carob) - key food source for people and wildlife, nitrogen fixer, soil protection - Anadenanthera colubrina (Cebil) - deep cultural value for the Wichi community, attracts pollinators, medicinal properties - Ceiba chodati - native species contributing to vertical forest structure and biodiversity - Handroanthus impetiginosus - native species contributing to vertical forest structure and biodiversity - Calycophyllum multiflorum - native species contributing to vertical forest structure and biodiversity - Caesalpinia paraguariensis - native species contributing to vertical forest structure and biodiversity - Lithraea molleoides (Molle) - high drought resistance, wildlife refuge, medicinal properties - Leucaena leucocephala (White Aromo) - fast-growing and drought-resistant, fixes nitrogen and restores degraded soils; particularly effective in recovering land affected by wildfires, agrotoxics or flooding This is an ongoing project, with planting carried out in multiple rounds since early 2023: - March-April 2024: 500 trees (Neltuma Alba, Ceiba Chodati, Anadenanthera colubrina, Handroanthus impetiginosus, Calycophyllum multiflorum) - October-November 2024: 270 trees (Neltuma Alba, Ceiba Chodati) - January 2025: 242 trees (Neltuma Alba, Ceiba Chodati, Caesalpinia paraguariensis, Anadenanthera colubrina) - March 2025: 356 trees (Neltuma Alba, Anadenanthera colubrina, Lithraea Molleoides) - January 2026: 606 trees (Neltuma Alba, Ceiba Chodatii, Leucaena leucocephala)

In the course of 2026, these trees will be planted in the Yunga and Chaco regions of northern Argentina. Our approach rests on two complementary pillars, co-designed with local communities based on what is most needed in each territory. Pillar 1 — Agroforestry restoration We reforest large, now-protected community forests damaged by logging, focusing on native trees of high ecological, cultural and food value — such as carob, mistol and chañar. Following the indigenous logic of native forest enrichment, we restore degraded patches and recover the forest's capacity to feed and sustain the communities who have always lived from it, allowing families to gather fruits and other resources as they have always done traditionally. The planting model prioritises an irregular native forest structure: multiple tree and shrub species of different ages, a complex vertical structure across various strata, and a spatial distribution that emulates the natural patterns of the local ecosystem. Pillar 2 — Intensive agroforestry Since 2025, we have added a second, complementary approach. On defined plots, we develop multi-strata agroforestry systems that replicate forest structures at higher productive intensity, combining native and non-native species — mango, banana, avocado, citrus and moringa — alongside vegetables, legumes, aromatic plants and medicinal species. This pillar directly addresses the malnutrition and health issues caused by forest loss. As neighbouring communities come to learn and establish their own systems, the approach generates a powerful multiplier effect across the region. Once planting has taken place, this section will be updated with the confirmed species, geolocations, pictures and approach (agroforestry restoration or intensive agroforestry)

We will proceed with the plantation once one hectare of reforestation is secured. The exact location will follow. We use the direct seeding or muvuca method, in cooperation with our field partner CEPAN. The muvuca method is a method in which a lot of seeds are directly sown on a plot. The process consists of multiple stages: an extensive research period to identify the most adequate tree species, seed collection, seed storage, soil preparation, and the actual sowing using tractors to increase efficiency. Short-lived shrubs that quickly cover the soil are sowed with native trees, the competition among saplings leads to fast soil cover and a high density of trees. With this project, a seed orchard with native seeds is created. The indigenous communities can use these seeds themselves or sell them to others for their restoration initiatives.

Agroforestry — a farming system based on trees and their non-timber products — plays a key role in building a lasting relationship with local communities, whose involvement is essential to securing the future of the new forests. Close to the reforestation sites in Ingung Kapia, we have established an agroforestry coffee plantation where coffee plants are grown among the trees. We began developing this plot in 2023, marking an important step towards integrating sustainable agriculture with ecological restoration. Each hectare accommodates 625 shade-grown coffee plants, complemented by native reforestation species planted at 600 plants per hectare. This combined system mirrors the natural forest structure, protects the soil, and provides local communities with a diverse and sustainable source of income. Each hectare also creates employment opportunities for one local family, and in the long term, the harvested coffee can be sold at a fair price. The full plot spans 11 hectares, and our goal is to get it fully funded. By achieving this, we create a new sustainable economy in which people and nature can live in harmony, with greater self-reliance. The economic value of these non-timber products — in this case, coffee — is also a powerful incentive for farmers to move away from the most common agricultural practice across Congo: cutting and burning forests and vegetation to create open pastureland. While widespread, this slash-and-burn approach leads to severe soil erosion and the permanent loss of native vegetation. Agroforestry offers a viable and regenerative alternative.

In the Bombetoka Bay located in the North-West of Madagascar, more specifically in the village of Nosy Kabija (Belobaka municipality, Boeny), we've planted new mangrove trees on two sites (0.29 ha & 0.45 ha) to restore the mangrove forest. In March 2026, 5055 mangrove trees of two species were planted here: Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora mucronata. The overall objective is to restore degraded lands and promote better management of the mangrove ecosystem to improve the living conditions of the local communities. Moreover, the mangroves provide spawning grounds for shrimps, crabs, and fish, which helps to boost the economy of the community.

In the Bombetoka Bay located in the North-West of Madagascar, more specifically in the village of Nosy Kabija (Belobaka municipality, Boeny), we've planted new mangrove trees on a site of 0.2 ha to restore the mangrove forest. In May 2026, 1284 mangrove trees of two species were planted here: Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora mucronata. The overall objective is to restore degraded lands and promote better management of the mangrove ecosystem to improve the living conditions of the local communities. Moreover, the mangroves provide spawning grounds for shrimps, crabs, and fish, which helps to boost the economy of the community.

In the course of 2026, these mangroves will be planted in Majunga, Madagascar. Once the planting has taken place, this section will be updated with the correct species & geolocation. Mangrove species are planted according to the natural distribution, to ensure great adaptation and survival. We plant two different species: - Ceriops Tagal (Ceriops), also known as "Yellow mangrove" or "Spurred mangrove.". Ceriops is considered the female mangrove by the locals in Madagascar, due to its smaller propagules and less intricate roots. Depending on the area, this species is more or less spread, yet play a crucial role in the ecosystem. - Rhizophora Mucronata (Rhizo). Rhizophora Mucronata is a species of mangrove, commonly known as the "Red mangrove" or "Loop-root mangrove." One distinctive feature of Rhizo is its prop roots, which extend from the trunk and branches down into the mud or water.

On two sites (1.42 ha & 0.77 ha), in the Bombetoka Bay located in the North-West of Madagascar, more specifically in the village of Amparemahintsy (Boanamary municipality, Boeny), we're planting new mangrove trees to restore the mangrove forest. In October 2025, 14235 mangrove trees of two species were planted here: Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora mucronata. The overall objective is to restore degraded lands and promote better management of the mangrove ecosystem to improve the living conditions of the local communities. Moreover, the mangroves provide spawning grounds for shrimps, crabs, and fish, which helps to boost the economy of the community.

In the Bombetoka Bay located in the North-West of Madagascar, more specifically in the village of Nosy Kabija (Belobaka municipality, Boeny), we've planted new mangrove trees on a site of 1.87 ha to restore the mangrove forest. In April 2026, 12177 mangrove trees of two species were planted here: Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora mucronata. The overall objective is to restore degraded lands and promote better management of the mangrove ecosystem to improve the living conditions of the local communities. Moreover, the mangroves provide spawning grounds for shrimps, crabs, and fish, which helps to boost the economy of the community.

In the Bombetoka Bay located in the North-West of Madagascar, more specifically in the village of Nosy Kabija (Belobaka municipality, Boeny), we've planted new mangrove trees on a site of 2.6 ha to restore the mangrove forest. In December 2025, 8892 mangrove trees of two species were planted here: Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora mucronata. The overall objective is to restore degraded lands and promote better management of the mangrove ecosystem to improve the living conditions of the local communities. Moreover, the mangroves provide spawning grounds for shrimps, crabs, and fish, which helps to boost the economy of the community.